鲍斯的存在分析学评析
郭本禹/孙平
【论文分类】心理学
【论文网络来源】http://www.csscipaper.com/B4
【期刊期数】2009年01期
【论文期刊来源】《南京师大学报:社科版》2008年5期第88~94页
【英文标题】TThe Daseinsanalysis of Medard Boss
【作者简介】郭本禹,南京师范大学道德教育研究所教授,博士生导师;孙平,南京师范大学教育科学学院研究生。(南京 210097)
【内容提要】 梅达特·鲍斯是20世纪瑞士杰出的心理治疗家和心理学家、存在分析学的创始人之一。他的存在分析观采用海德格尔的存在主义哲学观点,对西方传统的自然科学及其正统地位进行了反思,提出了其存在分析的科学观,并解释了人类的“在世之在”的本质和各种经验。同时在其心理治疗实践中保留并改进了一些弗洛伊德的精神分析治疗技术,决意在治疗实践中坚持运用现象学方法,而非采用弗洛伊德的“心理玄学”理论来看待病患,这无疑在某种程度上净化了精神分析的治疗工作。鲍斯的存在分析学在理论上和实践上,既具有积极贡献,也存在一定的局限性。
Medard Boss is an outstanding Swiss psychotherapist and psychologist in the 20th century, one of the founders of existential analysis (i. e. daseinsanalysis). Using the existential philosophical view of Heidegget, he reflected on the orthodox status of western traditional natural sciences, and then proposed his existential view on science, explaining the nature of "being-in-the-world" and various experiences of human beings. At the same time, though still employing some of Freud's therapeutic skills and techniques to treat his patients, he was determined to purify the therapeutic practice of psychoanalysis by excluding the "meta-psychological" theory of Freud and adhering to the phenomenological methodology during the process of treatment. In theory and practice, Boss's existential analysis does not only have made its positive contributions but also has its limitations.