Jim Levine is a juggler. Not the circus kind, but the day-in-day-out, multiple-responsibility-in-a-short-period-of-time kind, helping working parents lead balanced and productive lives. He’s Director of The Fatherhood Project at the Families and Work Institute (www.familiesandwork.org), a research and education project examining the future of fatherhood and developing ways to support men’s involvement in child rearing; he conducts a series of workshops presenting practical strategies to support fathers and mothers in their parenting roles; and he runs James Levine Communications, Inc. (www.jameslevine.com), a literary agency. We spoke at his home in New York City about the differences between men and women and the future of work for us all.
Conner: How are the issues different for mothers and fathers when it comes to balancing work and home life?
Levine: What’s interesting is that both men and women are struggling with this issue in remarkably similar percentages, but the big difference is that women tend to talk about this when men keep it silent. It’s what I call an “Invisible Dilemma.” Women tend to have recognition and peer group support—recognition from friends and family that this has to be a big issue in their lives. They’re more comfortable expressing the need for support and receiving it.
National Study of the Changing Workforce, which is the most comprehensive study on the American workforce that runs every five years, the study found in 1992 that 60% of working mothers experienced significant work/family conflict, but it also found that so did 60% of working fathers. In 1997 when we re-ran the survey, we found that the number had jumped to 70% for working mothers, but also to 70% for working fathers.
Let me give you a couple of facts to substantiate this. When the Families and Work Institute runs theThe work/family conflict is a real issue for men and women in surprisingly similar percentages of the population. It’s just that we have a magazine called
Conner: How are some of those issues played out specifically as it relates at home?
And, over the last thirty years we have seen men’s participation in both housework and childcare has increased and women’s have stayed at about the same.
Conner: What has then really increased is the amount of additional work that men are doing?
Levine: My hunch is that probably men are doing more both outside the home and inside the home.