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亲密对孤独 INTIMACY 'D. ISOLATION
The strength acquired at any stage is tested by the necessity to transcend it in such a way that the individual can take chances in the next stage with what was most vulnerably precious in the previous one. Thus, the young adult, emerging from the search for and the insistence on identity, is eager and willing to fuse his identity with that of others. He is ready for intimacy, that is, the capacity to commit himself to concrete affiliations and partnerships and to develop the ethical strength to abide by such commitments, even though they may call for significant sacrifices and compromises. Body and ego must now be masters of the organ modes and of the nuclear conflicts, in order to be able to face the fear of ego loss in situations which call for selfabandon: in the solidarity of close affiliations, in orgasms and Sexual unions, in close friendships and in physical combat, in ""Y1r\pr,'p ,n~I'1': of inspiration by teacht:rs and of intuition from the re(;e~:,e::; of the self. The avoidance of such experiences because of a fear of ego-loss may lead to a deep sense of isolation and consequent self-absorption.
道德力量,尽管这可能意味着需要做出重大的牺牲和妥协。身体和自我现在必须成为器官模式和核心冲突的主人,从而使得个体能够在引发自暴自弃的情境——在亲密联盟中,在性高潮和性行为的联合中,在亲密的友谊以及身体对抗中,在关于深受老师启发和灵感从自我中迸发的经验中——中面对自我受损的恐惧。这种因为恐惧失去自我而逃避的经验,可能导致深切的孤独感和情感内投。
在任何阶段获得的力量都会受到超越其自身的必要性的考验,以便个体可以在下一个阶段继续带着在前一个阶段获得的力量去冒险。因此,那些刚刚获得同一性的年轻人渴望并决定让自己的同一性同其他人的同一性产生共鸣。他为亲密接触做好了准备,即他准备好了与他人建立某种具体的依附关系和伙伴关系,并发展出遵守承诺的