In previous papers (Bion 1957) I have had occasion, in talking of the psychotic part of the personality, to speak of the destructive attacks which the patient makes on anything which is felt to have the function of linking one object with another. It is my intention in this paper to show the significance of this form of destructive attack in the production of some symptoms met with in borderline psychosis.
在之前的论文中,在谈到人格中的精神病性部分的时候,我有机会谈及病人对任何具有将一个客体与另一个联结的功能的东西的攻击。在这篇论文中,我想要表明,这种类型的破坏性的攻击在与边缘型精神病工作中遇到的一些症状的产生有重要关系。
Klein 1934), of the infant's splitting of its objects, of projective identification, which is the name she gives to the mechanism by which parts of the personality are split off and projected into external objects, and finally her views on early stages of Oedipus complex (Klein 1928). I shall discuss phantasied attacks on the breast as the prototype of all attacks on objects that serve as a link and projective identification as the mechanism employed by the psyche to dispose of the ego fragments produced by its destructiveness.
The prototype原型 for all the links of which I wish to speak is the primitive breast or penis. The paper presupposes假定 familiarity with Melanie Klein's descriptions of the infant's fantasies of sadistic attacks upon the breast (婴儿幻想中对乳房的施虐攻击的描述,婴儿对客体的分裂,以及投射性认同,她认为后者指的是人格的一些部分被分裂然后投射到外部客体中去的一种心理机制,还有最后她对俄狄浦斯情结早期阶段的观点。我将会讨论在幻想中对乳房的攻击是对所有有联结功能的客体的攻击的原型,并且投射性认同是精神用来处理由它的破坏性产生的自我碎片的心理机制。
我想要讲到的所有联结的原型是原初乳房或者阴茎。这篇论文假定读者对梅兰妮•克莱因的理论有一定的熟悉,比如她对I shall first describe clinical manifestations in an order dictated not by the chronology of their appearance in the consulting room, but by the need for making the exposition of my thesis as clear as I can. I shall follow this by material selected to demonstrate the order which these mechanisms assume when their relationship to each other is determined by the dynamics of the analytic situation. I shall conclude with theoretical observations on the material presented. The examples are drawn from the analysis of two patients and are taken from an advanced stage of their analyses. To preserve anonymity I shall not distinguish between the patients and shall introduce distortions of fact which I hope do not impair the accuracy of the analytic description.
首先,我将会描述一些临床表现,这些表现不是按照它们在咨询室中出现的时间顺序排列的,而是按照尽可能清楚地描述我的论点这一需要进行排列的。下面,我将会用经过选择的材料来展示这些心理机制呈现的顺序,而这些心理机制互相之间的关系是由分析情境的动力所决定的。我会以对所呈现的材料的理论评论作为结束。这些例子是从两位病人的分析中提取出来的,并且是从他们的分析的后期阶段中选取的。为了保持匿名性,我不会去两位病人之间作区分,会对事实做一些改写,我希望这不会削弱对分析情境的描述的准确性。
Observation of the patient's disposition to attack the link between two objects is simplified because the analyst has to establish a link with the patient and does this by verbal communication and his equipment of psychoanalytical experience. Upon this the creative relationship depends and therefore we should be able to see attacks being made upon it.
精神分析经验来做到这一点。创造性的关系取决于此,因此我们才能看到对它所做的攻击。
病人对两个客体之间的联结进行攻击的倾向的观察被简化了,因为分析师必须要与病人建立联结,并且通过口头交流和他的