DMM体系概述

  • 依恋研究

    2018-01-15 16:35
    DMM体系概述

    The Dynamic-Maturational Model of Attachment and Adaptation (DMM) emphasizes the dynamic interaction of the maturation of the human organism, across the life-span, with the contexts in which maturational possibilities are used to protect the self, reproduce, and protect one’s progeny.
    基于依恋与适应的动态-成熟模型(DMM)强调了在整个生命周期中,人类有机体的发育成熟过程以及那些个体通过自我保护、繁衍、保护后代时使用的逐渐成熟起来的策略,与环境间的动态相互作用。

    • Maturation is both neurological/mental and also physical.
      成熟,既包括神经系统的/心智的,也包括生理的。
    • Maturation involves both the increase in potential during childhood and adulthood and also the ultimate decrease in potential in old age.
      成熟,包括在儿童和成年期潜力的增加,以及老年时潜力的最终下降。
    • Contexts include both the people and places that affect development, e.g., family, school.
      环境,包括影响发展的人和环境,例如家庭、学校。 
    Context also includes the intra-and-interpersonal challenges of different periods of the life-span, including:
    Infancy、Preschool、School-AGE、Adolescence、Adulthood、Aging
    环境,还包括生命周期中不同时期的个体内部和人际间所面临的挑战,包括:
    婴儿期、学前期、学龄期、青春期、成年期、老年期。

    The outcome is the organization of mental and behavioral strategies for protection of the self and progeny, i.e., patterns of attachment.
    依恋模式的结果是组织了保护自我和后代的心理和行为策略。

    The DMM hypothesizes that, as maturation makes new and more complex mental and behavioral processes possible, changes in context provide the occasion for using these processes. Specifically, there is a need for maturing individuals to attribute meaning to complex, ambiguous, incomplete, and deceptive information in ways that promote self-protective behavior; the interaction of maturation with experience provides a basis for this. 
    DMM假设,个体随着发育成熟使新的和更复杂的心理和行为过程成为可能,环境的变化为使用这些策略提供了机会。具体来说,需要成熟中的个体以促进自我保护行为的方式将意义赋予复杂的、模糊的、不完整的、欺骗性的信息;而成熟过程与经验的相互作用为这一点提供了基础。

    The particular organization of self-protective behavior that develops reflects the strategies that most effectively identify, prevent, and protect the self from the dangers of particular contexts while concurrently promoting exploration of other aspects of life. Because exposure to danger differs by age as well as by person, family, and cultural group, individuals’ patterns of attachment will reflect:
    自我保护行为的特殊组织过程,反映了最有效地识别、预防和在特殊的环境危险中保护自我的策略,同时促进了对生活其他方面的探索。因为暴露于危险的年龄、个人、家庭和文化群体的不同,个人的依恋模式将反映出以下信息:

    • Individual developmental history;
      个人发展历史;
    • Family organization of self-protective strategies;
      家庭使用的自我保护策略;
    • Cultural experience with persistent local dangers.
      持续面对的局部危险的文化体验。

    本篇内容由DMM翻译组周薇、曹萌韵翻译审校

    [本话题由 依恋研究 于 2018-01-15 16:38:04 编辑]
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