Second phase: Intrusion of the projection into the internal world of the analyst

第二个阶段：投射侵入分析师的内在世界

Usually the projection will be able to penetrate into the internal world of the analyst through the connection with the adhesive surface point (see Figure 2). How exactly this happens depends on different factors, such as on the motivation and intensity of the projection as well as on the analyst’s receptive capacity for projective phantasies. If the projection penetrates into him, it will affect him internally and trigger feelings, thoughts and possibly a readiness to act (see Steiner, 2000). The psychic equilibrium of the analyst will be affected; he will have the feeling that he is under the influence of something internal, which affects his capacity to observe and to interpret. The transference of the patient can now only be understood through the countertransference.

通常，通过和分析师的精神表层粘附点的连结，投射就能够穿透进入分析师的内在世界。（见图2）。这到底是如何发生的取决于多个因素，例如投射的动机和强度，以及分析师对投射幻想的容纳能力。如果投射渗入分析师内，就会从内在影响分析师，触发分析师的感觉、想法并且可能准备付诸行动。分析师的心灵平衡受到影响，他将会感觉到处于内在某物的影响之下，这影响到他观察和解释的能力。病人的移情现在只有通过反移情才能被理解。

Fig. 2. Penetration of the projection into the analyst’s internal world

图2 投射渗入分析师的内在世界

Reasons for the non-penetration of the projection

投射没有渗入的原因

One possible reason for this could be that the projection is simply not forceful enough. The aim of the projection might not necessarily have been to abolish the separation from the analyst or to manipulate and control the object. However, a certain degree of penetration is necessary to enable the patient to communicate something about his internal world.

一个可能的原因就是投射不够强有力。投射的目的可能未必是为了消除与分析师的隔离或者为了操作并控制客体。可是一定程度的渗入是有必要的，以促使病人能够和分析师内在世界的沟通。

On the other hand, there might be reasons in the analyst to prevent the penetration of the projection, for example, he might feel threatened by the projection or he is frightened that he might be swamped by it. He might then form a kind of immunological barrier against the penetration of the projection. The projection recoils from the analyst and the patient experiences a container which cannot receive his projection, which in turn would be likely to increase his anxiety.

另一原因可能是分析师阻止了投射的穿透，例如，他可能感觉到被投射所威胁或者害怕并投射所淹没。因此分析师可能形成一种免疫堡垒对抗投射渗入。病人撤回投射，并体验到这个容器不能接受他的投射而很有可能增加病人的焦虑。

 Bion described this with the example of a patient whose futile attempts to put his anxieties into the analyst led to increasingly desperate attacks:

比昂用一个病人来作为例子进行说明，这个病人徒劳无获地尝试着将他的焦虑投射进分析师，导致病人不断增加的绝望的攻击：

When the patient strove to rid himself of fears of death [. . .] he split off his fears and put them into me, the idea apparently being that if they were allowed to repose there long enough they would be undergo a modification by my psyche and could then be safely re-introjected. On the occasion I have in mind, the patient had felt [. . .] that evacuated them so quickly that the feelings were not modified, but had become more painful [. . .]. This originated in what he felt was my refusal to accept parts of his personality. Consequently, he strove to force them into me with increased despair and violence. (1959, pp. 103–04)

病人竭力摆脱死亡恐惧[. . .]他将分裂恐惧、放入我的内在，这个想法显示是期望这些死亡恐惧能够在我这里寄存的足够久以我的心灵的修正，然后就可以被安全地内摄。有时我想到这些，病人已经感觉到[. . .]撤回它们如此之快以至于这些感觉并没有被修正，反而变得更加痛苦[. . .]。这源于他感觉到我拒绝接受他的这部分人格。结果，他越来越绝望和激烈地竭力迫使这些恐惧进入我的内在。

Bion understood this dilemma as an expression of a primitive situation in which the acceptance of the baby’s projective identification, as an expression of primitive anxieties, was denied:

比昂认为这种困境表达了一种原始状态，婴儿原始焦虑的表达是不被接受的。

This patient had had to deal with a mother who could not tolerate experiencing such feelings and reacted either by denying them ingress, or alternatively by becoming a prey to the anxiety which resulted from introjection of the patient’s feelings. (p. 104) 

病人不得不面对的母亲是无法容忍这种情感体验的，母亲的反应要么是否认这些情感进入，要么是内摄病人的焦虑并被这种焦虑所折磨。

However, if the patient succeeds in putting these parts of the self into the analyst, this will lead to another sequence of processes and may create new problems.

可是，如果病人成功地将这些部分自体放入分析师内，就会进入下一个阶段，并可能产生各种新的问题。