www.psychspace.com心理学空间网The downside of a good idea
一个好主意的缺点
Good ideas can have drawbacks. When information is freely shared, good ideas can stunt innovation by distracting others from pursuing even better ideas, according to Indiana University cognitive scientist Robert Goldstone.
好的想法可以有缺点。信息自由共享时，好主意会分散了他人追求更好的想法，从而阻碍了创新。根据印第安纳大学的认知科学家罗伯特·戈德斯通。
The findings speak to innovation and the bandwagon effect as it influences decision-making within groups. The Internet and new technologies are increasingly offering opportunities for interconnectedness, for cutting-edge scientists to the "average Joe" posting or reading book reviews on Amazon.com or entries in Wikipedia.
调查结果提到创新和从众效应，因为它影响组内决策。互联网和新技术为前沿科学家和普通人提供了越来越多相互联系的机会， 在亚马逊和维基百科的条目上张贴、阅读评论。
"How do you structure your community so you get the best solution out of the group?" Goldstone said. "It turns out not to be effective if different inventors and labs see exactly what everyone else is doing because of the human tendency to glom onto the current 'best' solution."
“你如何组织你的社区，以便您能在小组中得到最佳的解决方案？”戈德斯通说。 “如果不同的发明者和实验室看到其他人正在做什么，就会变的不是很有效，因为，人性倾向于将当前‘最好的’解决方案据为己有。
Goldstone's findings appear in the January/February issue of the journal Current Directions in Psychological Science. Michael E. Roberts, a doctoral student in the Cognitive Science Program, and Todd M. Gureckis, assistant professor of psychology at New York University, are co-authors of the article "Emergent Processes in Group Behavior."
戈德斯通的研究结果刊登在一月/二月的《最新心理科学指南》中，迈克尔·E·罗伯茨，认知科学计划的博士生，
Todd M. Gureckis纽约大学心理学助理教授合著了《在突发群体行为过程》。
The study was supported by the U.S. Department of Education and the National Science Foundation.
这项研究是由美国教育署和国家科学基金会支持。
Goldstone's research examines and charts group behavior and the patterns in which people unknowingly participate -- much like ants creating colony structures about which they are clueless.
戈德斯通的调查，检验和研究了人们在不知不觉中参与中的团体行为图式，很像蚂蚁共同创造的茫然的蚁群结构。
This study used a virtual environment in which study participants worked in specifically designed groups to solve a problem. Participants guessed numbers between 1 and 100, with each number having a hidden value. The goal was for individuals to accumulate the highest score through several rounds of guessing. Across different conditions, the relationship between guesses and scores could either be simple or complex. The participants saw the results of their own guesses and some or all of the guesses of the others in their group.
这个研究用了一个虚拟的环境，该研究的参与者在专门设计的群体努力解决的一个问题。参与者在1和100之间的数字中猜测该数值隐藏的值。目标是经过几轮的猜测
为个人累积得分最高的分数。猜测者和评分者的关系在不同的条件下会有简单或复杂的不同，参与者看到自己的猜测的结果，以及小组中其他猜测者部分或全部的结论。
In the "fully connected" group, everyone's work was completely accessible to everyone else -- much like a tight-knit family or small town. In the "locally connected" group, participants primarily were aware of what their neighbors, or the people on either side, were doing. In the "small world" group, participants also were primarily aware of what their neighbors were doing, but they also had a few distant connections that let them send or retrieve good ideas from outside of their neighborhood.
在全链接的小组内，任何人可以完全接触到每个人的工作。很像一个紧密的家庭或小城镇。在本地链接组中，
参与者能够知道他的邻居，或两边的人做什么。在小团体中，参与者不仅知道邻居做什么，而且他们会有一些更远的接触，他们从邻居之外的（链接中）发出和取回好的主意。
Goldstone found that the fully connected groups performed the best when solving simple problems. Small world groups, however, performed better on more difficult problems. For these problems, the truism "The more information, the better" is not valid.
戈德斯通发现全链接组在解决简单问题时表现最好，小团体在更困难的问题上表现最好，关于这些问题，“信息越多越好的”的说法不适用。
"The small world network preserves diversity," Goldstone said. "One clique could be coming up with one answer, another clique could be coming up with another. As a result, the group as a whole is searching the problem space more effectively. For hard problems, connecting people by small world networks offers a good compromise between having members explore a variety of innovations, while still quickly disseminating promising innovations throughout the group."
“小世界网络保留的多样性，”斯通说。 “一个集团可以有一个答案，另一个集团可以来自于另一个。因此，作为寻找问题空间的整体的团队更有效。对于棘手的问题，由小团体连接的人们，提供了一个很好的让步，以便成员探索多种创新，在团体中促进创新中迅速传播。www.psychspace.com心理学空间网
一个好主意的缺点
Good ideas can have drawbacks. When information is freely shared, good ideas can stunt innovation by distracting others from pursuing even better ideas, according to Indiana University cognitive scientist Robert Goldstone.
好的想法可以有缺点。信息自由共享时，好主意会分散了他人追求更好的想法，从而阻碍了创新。根据印第安纳大学的认知科学家罗伯特·戈德斯通。
The findings speak to innovation and the bandwagon effect as it influences decision-making within groups. The Internet and new technologies are increasingly offering opportunities for interconnectedness, for cutting-edge scientists to the "average Joe" posting or reading book reviews on Amazon.com or entries in Wikipedia.
调查结果提到创新和从众效应，因为它影响组内决策。互联网和新技术为前沿科学家和普通人提供了越来越多相互联系的机会， 在亚马逊和维基百科的条目上张贴、阅读评论。
"How do you structure your community so you get the best solution out of the group?" Goldstone said. "It turns out not to be effective if different inventors and labs see exactly what everyone else is doing because of the human tendency to glom onto the current 'best' solution."
“你如何组织你的社区，以便您能在小组中得到最佳的解决方案？”戈德斯通说。 “如果不同的发明者和实验室看到其他人正在做什么，就会变的不是很有效，因为，人性倾向于将当前‘最好的’解决方案据为己有。
Goldstone's findings appear in the January/February issue of the journal Current Directions in Psychological Science. Michael E. Roberts, a doctoral student in the Cognitive Science Program, and Todd M. Gureckis, assistant professor of psychology at New York University, are co-authors of the article "Emergent Processes in Group Behavior."
戈德斯通的研究结果刊登在一月/二月的《最新心理科学指南》中，迈克尔·E·罗伯茨，认知科学计划的博士生，
Todd M. Gureckis纽约大学心理学助理教授合著了《在突发群体行为过程》。
The study was supported by the U.S. Department of Education and the National Science Foundation.
这项研究是由美国教育署和国家科学基金会支持。
Goldstone's research examines and charts group behavior and the patterns in which people unknowingly participate -- much like ants creating colony structures about which they are clueless.
戈德斯通的调查，检验和研究了人们在不知不觉中参与中的团体行为图式，很像蚂蚁共同创造的茫然的蚁群结构。
This study used a virtual environment in which study participants worked in specifically designed groups to solve a problem. Participants guessed numbers between 1 and 100, with each number having a hidden value. The goal was for individuals to accumulate the highest score through several rounds of guessing. Across different conditions, the relationship between guesses and scores could either be simple or complex. The participants saw the results of their own guesses and some or all of the guesses of the others in their group.
这个研究用了一个虚拟的环境，该研究的参与者在专门设计的群体努力解决的一个问题。参与者在1和100之间的数字中猜测该数值隐藏的值。目标是经过几轮的猜测
为个人累积得分最高的分数。猜测者和评分者的关系在不同的条件下会有简单或复杂的不同，参与者看到自己的猜测的结果，以及小组中其他猜测者部分或全部的结论。
In the "fully connected" group, everyone's work was completely accessible to everyone else -- much like a tight-knit family or small town. In the "locally connected" group, participants primarily were aware of what their neighbors, or the people on either side, were doing. In the "small world" group, participants also were primarily aware of what their neighbors were doing, but they also had a few distant connections that let them send or retrieve good ideas from outside of their neighborhood.
在全链接的小组内，任何人可以完全接触到每个人的工作。很像一个紧密的家庭或小城镇。在本地链接组中，
参与者能够知道他的邻居，或两边的人做什么。在小团体中，参与者不仅知道邻居做什么，而且他们会有一些更远的接触，他们从邻居之外的（链接中）发出和取回好的主意。
Goldstone found that the fully connected groups performed the best when solving simple problems. Small world groups, however, performed better on more difficult problems. For these problems, the truism "The more information, the better" is not valid.
戈德斯通发现全链接组在解决简单问题时表现最好，小团体在更困难的问题上表现最好，关于这些问题，“信息越多越好的”的说法不适用。
"The small world network preserves diversity," Goldstone said. "One clique could be coming up with one answer, another clique could be coming up with another. As a result, the group as a whole is searching the problem space more effectively. For hard problems, connecting people by small world networks offers a good compromise between having members explore a variety of innovations, while still quickly disseminating promising innovations throughout the group."
“小世界网络保留的多样性，”斯通说。 “一个集团可以有一个答案，另一个集团可以来自于另一个。因此，作为寻找问题空间的整体的团队更有效。对于棘手的问题，由小团体连接的人们，提供了一个很好的让步，以便成员探索多种创新，在团体中促进创新中迅速传播。www.psychspace.com心理学空间网
