BPS:喜悦归于相拥
作者: Christian Jarrett 文 / 5672次阅读 时间: 2017年3月25日
来源: 陈明 译 标签: 拥抱
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It’s all the cuddling – psychologists explore why people who have more sex are happier
喜悦归于相拥–心理学家探讨为什么性生活多的人是幸福
Christian Jarrett 文
陈明 译

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An impressive amount of research has linked frequency of sex with greater happiness. One study even put a monetary estimate on it. They said that the happiness spurt from having sex once a week compared with monthly is similar to the boost you’d get from earning an extra $50,000 a year (though for anything more frequent than weekly sex, the benefits seemed to tail off).

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一项令人印象深刻的研究将性频率与更大的幸福感联系了起来。一项研究甚至对它进行了货币估算。他们说,与每月一次性生活的幸福感相比,每周一次的性生活获得的幸福感相当于你每年多挣了50000美元的额外收入(虽然每周更多性生活的好处似乎减少了)。心理学空间r aa2m8?|7w kD9y

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Asking if and why more sex makes us happier may sound like asking the blindingly obvious, but of course a lot of pleasurable activities don’t have long-term emotional benefits; it’s also tricky to rule out the simple alternative possibility that we’re more likely to have sex if we’re happy.

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更多的性生活是否/为什么让我们快乐?这听起来像是明知故问,当然,大量的愉快的活动,不具有长期的情感益处;同样,这也巧妙将“如果我们快乐,也就更可能做爱”这一替代的可能性排除在外。

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.t9i t;^3v\0In a series of studies in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, psychologists in Switzerland and Canada have looked beyond the immediate bliss that sex can bring, and they say that the main reason that more sex seems to contribute to greater long-term happiness is because of all the cuddling (and other expressions of affection) that’s involved, both at the time, and for hours afterwards.

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u,Y F])s1N2W`}0人格社会心理学公报中的一系列研究中,心理学家在瑞士和加拿大所看到的,已经超越了性生活可以带来的即刻的幸福,他们说,更多的性爱似乎有助于更长远幸福的最主要的原因皆拜其中的拥抱(和其他的情感体验)所赐,无论是在当时,还是几个小时后。心理学空间0JM0i4bO%R@l

4HFS/C c^Wa0In Talking It Over, Julian Barnes writes that “Love is just a system for getting someone to call you darling after sex”; this new research suggests that sex is a system for getting someone you love to call you darling, and to give you a big cuddle.

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D-i_(uxUL0Julian Barnes在谈及此事时写到:“爱仅仅是一种在做完爱之后让别人称呼你为‘亲爱的’的一个系统”;这一新的研究表明,性是一个让你爱的人叫你亲爱的, 并给你一个伟大的相的系统。心理学空间A)xhe8TAf

?\ ~%xD2D EY&I0Anik Debrot at the University of Fribourg and her colleagues conducted two surveys, the first involving 335 participants, recruited on Amazon’s Mechanical Turk site, who were in a romantic relationship, and the second involving both partners in 74 couples recruited in the San Francisco Bay Area in California. The vast majority of participants were heterosexual. They answered questions about how often they had sex, about how much affectionate touch went on in their relationship (e.g. cuddling, hugging, kissing and caressing) and rated their life satisfaction or how much they typically experienced positive emotions like joy and contentment.

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JZB:\p(q V9u0T0福里堡大学的Anik Debrot和她的同事进行了两次调查,第一次实验的335名参与者在亚马逊土耳其机器人网站中招募,他们都处在个浪漫的关系之中,第二 次实验包括的74对伴侣,招募自加利福尼亚旧金山湾区。绝大多数参与者是异性恋者。他们回答的问题包括,他们做爱的频率,在他们的关系中深情抚摸的程度(如依偎相拥、拥抱、亲吻、爱抚) 以及对他们的生活满意度的评价,还有就是,他们通常体验到的,诸如喜悦和满足的积极情绪的多少。心理学空间W7}T.f*FH9K

g*AGH/T9TS/d*Si0Having more sex was correlated with greater life satisfaction and experiencing more positive emotions, consistent with past research. But when the researchers factored amount of affection into the equation, the sex–happiness link all but disappeared (with one exception – to the researchers’ surprise they found this wasn’t true for women in the second survey). The overall implication of the surveys was that more sex leads to more happiness because it promotes affection.心理学空间1J"g'H^'[,z

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与以往的研究相一致,更多的性生活与更大的生活满意度、体验更多的积极情绪有相关性。但是当研究人员把情感因素加入到方程模型之中后,性和幸福之间所有的链接都消失了(有一个例外——让研究人员吃惊的是他们 在第二次的调查中发现,这对女性来说,真相不是这样的)。该项调查整体的言外之意是,更多的性导致更多的幸福是因为它促进了感情。心理学空间#L ^T E/Y/vKMW:R

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The researchers also conducted two “experience-sampling” studies. The first involved 106 couples, most of them married, with children. Each participant kept a diary for ten days, noting their sexual activity, including any erotic moments; their affectionate experiences, including “moments of love and security” and “affectionate or thoughtful signs from my partner”; and their emotions. They kept these records in the morning before work; after work; during the 45 minutes after reunion with their partner; and during the last hour before bed.心理学空间 d[H2oYRt4}Q

(`V7CcD;[/eP0研究人员还进行了两次“体验抽样”的研究。第一次涉及106对夫妇,其中大多数已婚,有孩子。每个参与者坚持记十天日记,记录他们的性活动,包括任何的情色时刻;他们之间的深情的体验,包括“爱和安全时刻”以及“来自于伴侣的深情或体贴的信号”;以及他们的情绪。他们在早上工作之前、在工作之后、在与伴侣团聚的45分钟内,在上床前的最后一个小时里保存这些记录。

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Similar to the earlier surveys, this showed that sex in the preceding 24 hours was associated with feeling more positive emotions in the morning, but that this correlation was greatly reduced once affection in the preceding 24 hours was taken into account. In other words, sex seemed to lead to positive emotions because sex tended to go hand with love and cuddles. Indeed, sex without affection was extremely rare (this only happened on 4.2 per cent of occasions according to the diaries).心理学空间Gg"w?5@ M

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与先前的调查类似,这表明24小时之前的性与早晨积极的的情绪有关,但是将24小时之前的情感考虑进去的话,这种相互关系的相关性会大大降低。换句话说,性生活似乎导致了积极的情绪,其原因是,性倾向于用手去爱抚与相拥。事实上,没有感情的性是极为罕见的(日记中发生的概率只有4.2%)。

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7J ~BaYQ0The researchers also caught up with these couples six months later. More sex during the diary part of the study foretold greater relationship satisfaction all these months later, but only when that earlier sex had been associated with the experience of positive emotions.心理学空间#V.~x&T9h p3lUm8? _

?-E${E;Y)?0研究人员在六个月后再次找到了这些夫妇。在日记中更多的性预示了这几个月后更大的关系满意度,但是只是在先前的性生活与积极情绪相关联时。心理学空间 `,y3A:v_8~+xRU

E6bgeD0BU5T!X9~0A methodological challenge for this topic is that it’s not easy to conduct a controlled experiment in which you instruct participants how much sex or cuddling to get involved in and then look at the effects on their well-being (even if you tried such a study, it wouldn’t exactly be comparable to real-life). To try to get round this, the researchers looked to see whether sex at one time point was associated with more affection later on, which would help support their ideas about how sex promotes affection.

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^,` B:R9J YD[V J0本主题中的一个方法论的挑战是不容易对控制组进行指导,指导参与者要做几次爱或拥抱几次,然后看看他们的幸福感的影响(即使你尝试过这样的研究,这比不上现实的生活 较)。为了了解这一点,研究人员观察了一段时间内的性行为是否与随后的情感有关,这将有助于支持他们关于“性如何促进了情感”的观点。心理学空间6K/rC1Kf/F-P

3K$@A xtC0To this end, the final study involved 58 heterosexual couples keeping notes on their sexual activity and affection (defined here as “moments of love and affection”) via a smartphone several times a day for two weeks: at waking, at midday, at 6pm and before going to bed. This showed that when participants reported having sex at one time point, they were more likely to report experiencing affection not just at that time, but also at the next data entry hours later. This still doesn’t prove sex causes affection and that affection causes the happiness that’s

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为此,最后的研究包括58个异性恋夫妇,通过智能手机一周一次或两次持续记录他们的性活动和情感(这里定义为“的爱与情感的瞬间”):醒着,中午,下午6时和睡觉前。这表明,当参与者报告在一个时间点发生性行为,他们可能更愿意报告情感体验,不但是在那个时候,而且在下一个数据输入时段也这么做了。这还不能证明性导致情感以及情感导致的幸福与先前的性有关,但它与事情的的解释是一致的。

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Debrot and her team said their studies represented a rare attempt to bridge the typically separate fields of sex research and relationship research. “When engaging in sex, people not only seek an intimate connection, but indeed experience more affection, both when having sex and in the next several hours,” they said. “Hence sex seems not only beneficial because of its physiological or hedonic effects, but because it promotes a stronger and more positive connection with the partner.”

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Qj$Fq U@u:EY5E0Debrot和她的团队说,他们的研究代表了一种罕见的尝试,试图在典型的性别研究领域和性研究领域中架起一座桥梁。“当从事性生活是,人们不仅只是寻求亲密的联系,而且在做爱时和接下来的几个小时内都会体验到到更多的情感,”他们说。因此,性似乎不仅对生理或享乐效果是有益的,而是因为它促进了与伴侣的更强大和更积极的连接。

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y,u+? C @,_0They added that their findings could help some couples – for example, at times when sex isn’t possible for whatever reason, the results suggest that making the effort to be affectionate could be beneficial for wellbeing and the relationship. Conversely, the researchers said, “sexual activity might compensate for the diminished well-being in partners having difficulties adequately exchanging affection.”

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他们补充说,他们的研究结果可以帮助一些夫妇,例如,有时出于某些原因,性是不可能的时候,结果表明,努力的亲热(affectionate)可能有益于健康和关系。相反,研究者们说,“性活动可能会补偿伴侣在交流中遇到的困难。”

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^5u9e*Y.Ij_ ^0BPS原文:https://digest.bps.org.uk/2017/02/27/

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Oc'^n;\9H:N[Jn0论文:—More Than Just Sex Affection Mediates the Association Between Sexual Activity and Well-Being心理学空间uQ8n#t1B_GS

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hug 可以用在常人间,是礼节性的.用在相爱男女间时,也只是较短的拥抱(不会超出一分钟吧?) cuddle 一般只用在相爱男女之间;长时间的(几分钟到几十分钟);是“相拥相偎倚的拥抱”心理学空间\]/YH K3e ?E/Y

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