The manner in which our patients bring forward their associations during the work of analysis gives us an opportunity for making some interesting observations. ‘Now you’ll think I mean to say something insulting, but really I’ve no such intention.’ we realize that this is a rejection, by projection, of an idea that has just come up. Or: ‘You ask who this person in the dream can be. It’s not my mother.’ We emend this to:‘So it is his mother.’ In our interpretation, we take the liberty of disregarding the negation and of picking out the subject-matter alone of the association. It is as though the patient had said: ‘It’s true that my mother came into my mind as I thought of this person, but I don’t feel inclined to le tthe association count.’
病人在分析工作中提供的其联想方式给我们带来了一些有趣的观察机会。“现在你会认为我想说一些侮辱的事情,但事实上我没有那样的意图。”我们发觉这是一种拒绝(rejection),是一种对刚才冒出来的想法的投射。或者:“你问谁可能是梦中的那个人。它不会是我母亲”我们对这进行修订:“所以那是他的母亲。”在我们的解释中,我们可以“冒昧地”忽略否认并且单独地挑出和主题有关的内容。这好像病人曾经说过“当我考虑这个人物时我母亲确实进入到我的头脑中,但是我觉得这不算数。”
There is a very convenient methodby which we can sometimes obtain a piece of information we want aboutunconscious repressed material. ‘What’, we ask, ‘would you consider the mostunlikely imaginable thing in that situation? What do you think was furthest fromyour mind at that time?’ If the patient falls into the trap and says what hethinks is most incredible, he almost always makes the right admission. A neatcounterpart to this experiment is often met with in an obsessional neurotic whohas already been initiated into the meaning of his symptoms. ‘I’ve got a newobsessive idea,’ he says, ‘and it occurred to me at once that it might mean so and so. But no; that can’t betrue, or it couldn’t have occurred to me.’ What he is repudiating, on groundspicked up from his treatment, is, of course, the correct meaning of theobsessive idea.
无意识受压抑材料的一些信息。我们问道,“你认为在那种情景中最不可能想象的是什么?你觉得那时自己最不可能想到的是什么?”如果病人掉入陷阱并且说他认为最难以置信的是什么,他几乎总是做正确的坦白。与此类似情况是一个已经知道自己症状意义的强迫症患者,他说,我有了一个新的强迫观念,我会马上想到它可能意味如此如此。但不是,那不能是正确的,我不可能会想到这的。从他的治疗基础上我们知道他正在拒绝的,当然是强迫观念的正确意义。
这是一个非常方便的方法,(通过这种方法)我们能够不时的获得一些我们想要的关于Thus the content of a repressedimage or idea can make its way into consciousness, on condition that it isnegated. Negation is a way of taking cognizance of what is repressed; indeed itis already a lifting of the repression, though not, of course, an acceptance ofwhat is repressed. We can see how in this the intellectual function isseparated from the affective process. With the help of negation only oneconsequence of the process of repression is undone - the fact, namely, of theideational content of what is repressed not reaching consciousness. The outcomeof this is a kind of intellectual acceptance of the repressed, while at thesame time what is essential to the repression persists.【1】 In the course ofanalytic work we often produce a further, very important and somewhat strangevariant of this situation. We succeed in conquering the negation as well, andin bringing about a full intellectual acceptance of the repressed; but therepressive process itself is not yet removed by this.
因此,受压抑的图像或想法能够进入意识层面的条件是它被否认了。通过否认,我们认识到什么受到了压抑;否定是对受压抑之物的发现,但不意味着对其的接纳。在这个里面,我们可以看到智力功能(intellectual function)是如何和情感过程相分离的。在否认的帮助下,压抑过程的结果只有一个没有完成——也就是说,使被压抑的观念内容没有达到意识(这点没有完成)。这种结果导致一种理智上的可以对压抑接受,但与此同时什么压抑的核心依然在。在分析工作中关于压抑,我们经常发现一个更加重要,却也是以上所说的情境的变种的奇怪情况。我们也成功战胜否认,成功地使病人理智上接受受压抑的内容,但是压抑过程本身并没有通过这样而被移除。