本文翻译自《The therapist's answer book》
Problem 2 When Do I Say It? (Diagnosis)
问题2 我什么时候说?(诊断)
After hearing people’s problems, you are faced with a choice: Should you intervene supportively or interpretively?
在听了人们的问题后,你要面对一个选择:你应该做的是支持还是解释?
SHORT ANSWER简短的回答
Use explanatory (interpretive) techniques (Problem 1) more or less exclusively when the following are intact:
当来访者以下功能完整的时候,多多少少的使用解释性(诠释性)技术:
理论
To try to explain people’s conflicts, they need
试图解释人们的冲突,他们需要具备AIRS: Abstraction, Integration, Reality testing, Self-preservation
AIRS:抽象、整合、现实检验、自我保护ARTS: Affect tolerance, Regulation of impulses, Trust, Superego(conscience)
ARTS:情感容忍、调节冲动、信任、超我(道德良心)
- understanding symbolism (abstraction ability),
理解象征化(抽象能力) - organization of thought (integration),
思维的组织(整合) - relation to reality,
现实关系 - self-preservation (not harming themselves),
自我保护(不会伤害自己) - emotional controls (“affect regulation”),
情绪控制(情感调节) - capacity for trust (“object relations”), and
信任能力(客体关系) - conscience (“superego”).
良心(超我)
Use medication and/or supportive/relational techniques more or less exclusively when there are serious lapses in
当来访者的以下方面有严重缺陷时,多多少少使用药物/支持性的相关技术::
- abstraction,
抽象化 - organization of thought,
思维组织 - reality functions,
现实检验 - capacity for trust, and/or
信任的能力,和/或 - capacities for
以下能力- impulse control (like alcohol abuse or sexual addiction) and
冲动控制(如酒精滥用或性瘾)以及 - emotional control.
情绪控制
- impulse control (like alcohol abuse or sexual addiction) and
Use cognitive-behavioral techniques for people’s problems with perspectives
使用以下认知技术为人正确看待人们的问题
- about reality,
关于现实 - about themselves,
关于他们自己 - about the future,
关于未来 - about people with whom they are involved, and
关于与他们有关的人,以及 - factors that overwhelmed them with anxiety.
让他们有压倒性焦虑的因素
TIP小技巧
- Medicate deficits 药物治疗缺陷
- Explain conflicts 解释冲突
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